\u0198agaggun labarai na \u0257aya daga cikin rukunin adabin Hausawa na zamani, da masana adabin Hausa suka bayyana shi da \u201czube\u201d, wanda shi ne na farko a cikin rukunin, kafin wa\u0199a da wasan kwaikwayo su zo (Yahaya da wasu, 1992).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shi \u0199agaggen labari cike yake da zantukan hira da nisha\u0257i, wanda ba da gaske ya ta\u0253a faruwa ba, saboda ana samar da shi ne kawai don nisha\u0257antarwa (Mukhtar, 2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To amma dangane da tarihin samuwar \u0199agaggun labarai na Hausa kuwa, yana da muhimmanci a fahinci mene ne rubutun zube, domin fahintar ma\u2019anar ita ce ginshi\u0199in samar da tarihin samuwar rubutun zuben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Masana Adabin Hausa da al\u2019adun Hausawa da dama sun yi \u0199o\u0199arin bayyana ra\u2019ayinsu dangane da abin da suka fahimta game da ma\u2019anar zube.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dangane da haka ne Magaji (1982) a wata takarda da ya gabatar mai suna \u2018Tasirin adabin baka a cikin <\/em><\/strong>\u0198<\/em><\/strong>agaggun labarai<\/em><\/strong>\u2019, inda yake cewa, \u201cZube rubutun labari ne da mawallafi ya shirya da kah, sannan ya rubuta shi a zube\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mukhtar (1985) shi kuma a cikin wata \u0199asida mai suna \u2018Yanayin <\/em><\/strong>\u0198<\/em><\/strong>agaggun labarai na Hausa<\/em><\/strong>\u2019 ya ce \u201cZube wani irin zance ne wanda ake fa\u0257ansa da baka ko kuma a rubuce wanda yake bayyana yiwuwar wata al\u2019amari, wanda zai iya faruwa a zahiri, amma bai faru ba, ko kuma ba zai ta\u0253a faruwa ba\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mukhtar (2002) kuma cewa ya yi \u201cZube na nufin rubutun da ba wa\u0199a ba, ba kuma wasan kwaikwayo ba. Idan an ce Zube ana nufin tsagwaron rubutu ne kai tsaye wanda aka yi shi cikin shafi ko shafuka da sakin tayi daban-daban, a rubuce ko a maganance, wato ta hanyar magana.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shi kuma Sheihin Malamin nan Ibrahim Yaro Yahya, a wata \u0199asida mai take \u2018\u0198<\/em><\/strong>agaggun<\/em><\/strong> labaran<\/em><\/strong> Hausa<\/em><\/strong>\u201d ya ce \u201cZube \u0199agaggun labarai ne wanda ake shiryawa a kan wa\u0257ansu sharru\u0257a don bai wa jama\u2019a abin samun hira da nisha\u0257i\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shi kuma \u2018Yar Adu\u2019a (1996) a gudumawarsa da ya bayar kan ma\u2019anar zube, cewa ya yi \u201cZube labari ne da a kan shirya cikin hikima da fasaha kuma a gudanar da shi don nuna \u0199warewa, wanda ya \u0199unshi nuni da shiryawa ga wani abu na alkhairi ko kuma na sharri ko yakan iya zama na gaske ko na \u0199arya\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To idan aka dubi wa\u0257annan bayanai dangane da ma\u2019anar zube zamu fahinci cewa shi zube labari ne da aka shirya shi da kah kuma a zube don samun abin hira.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dangane da tarihin samuwar \u0199agaggun labarai a Hausa, Mukhtar, (2002) cewa ya yi zube na Hausa ya samo asali ne ta hanyoyi guda biyu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Wannan hanya Hausawa ne suka \u0199ir\u0199iro abarsu tun asali ta hanyar rubuta sunaye na gargajiya a jikin fahami. Ta irin wannan hanya kuma manya-manyan malamai da manyan sarakuna sukan rubuta wasi\u0199u a tsakaninsu. Amma dangane da samun \u0199agaggun labarai ciki, bincike ya nuna cewa an fi samun rubuce-rubucen Ajami na zube a cikin hanyar rubutun Magaribi, wato ba a faye samun rubutun Ajami da yawa a cikin rubutu na sharkiyya ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Irin rubuce-rubucen da aka samu cikin ajami tun wajen karni na 17 su ne irin rubuce-rubucen Malam Abdullahi Suka Kano da Wali \u018aanmasani a cikin Birnin Katsina da Malam Muhammadu na Birnin Gwari da dai sauransu. Amma dangane da ilmin Arabiya da samuwar Musulunci wannan tun wajen \u0199arni na 9 ne, domin akwai ala\u0199a tsakanin \u0199asashen Hausa da na Larabawa tun a wannan \u0199arni. Har kwanan gobe Malaman zaure na \u0199asar Hausa idan za su yi rubutu na zube a cikin rubutun Ajami suke \u0199addamar da shi. Haka kuma akwai jaridu da akan buga a cikin ajami kamar su: Albishir<\/em><\/strong> da Alfijir<\/em><\/strong>. Da sauransu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rubutun boko yana \u0257aya daga cikin ire-iren rubutu na duniya da aka rattaba tsare-tsarensu, da wuraren da ake sarrafa su.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rubutun boko ba\u0199a\u0199e ne da wasula a jere, wa\u0257anda suka samo asali daga rubutun Latin. Kusan duk mutane \u0199asashen turai kamar Ingila da Faranshi da Jamus da Portugal da sauransu, irin wannan hanyar rubutun suke sarrafawa a cikin dukkan makarantunsu da littattafansu da harkokinsu na sadarwa (Yahya, 1988:72)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Samun labarai na wanzuwar wata sabuwar duniya a bangaren Afirika ya sa Turawa musammam na Portigal da na Jamus da na Faranshi da na Ingila sun tashi tsaye wajen nemo gano yanayin ciki da wajen Afirika. A cikin tafiye-tafiyen nasu wasunsu sun ziyarci garuruwan \u0199asashen Hausa kamar su Kano da Sakkwato, sun kuma rubuta labarin rayuwar mutanensu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To amma dangane da tarihin samuwarsa kuma Mukhtar, (2002) ke cewa<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cRubutun boko bai jima da zuwa <\/em>\u0199<\/em>asar Hausa ba in aka kwatanta shi da rubutun ajami. Kafin a fara rubutu da Hausar boko a <\/em>\u0199<\/em>asar Hausa, sai da aka da<\/em>\u0257<\/em>e ana amfani da ita a <\/em>\u0199<\/em>asashen Turai. Amma mutumin da ake jin ya fara amfani da ita shi ne wani Baturen <\/em>\u0199<\/em>asar Jamus mai suna James Frederick Schon wanda ya zo <\/em>\u0199<\/em>asar Saliyo aikin Mishan a 1840. ya yi tunani ya kuma <\/em>\u0199<\/em>ir<\/em>\u0199<\/em>iro cewa ya kamata ya yi amfani da haruffan Latiniyya ya rubuta lafazin Hausa:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Inda yake cewa cikin wa\u0199a kamar haka:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cna riya wa\u0257annan \u0199a\u2019idojin rubutu<\/p>\n\n\n\n a raina ne, bayan na yi shekaru ina<\/p>\n\n\n\n lura da abubuwa. Saboda haka na<\/p>\n\n\n\n yi amanna da dacewarsu\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Schon, 1862).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bayan da Schon ya yi niyyar amfani da haruffan Latiniyya ya rubuta Hausa, sai wani Bature mai suna Lepsius, ya ba shi shawarwari a kan yadda zai kyautata rubutun. An kuma sami Turawa wa\u0257anda suka biyo irin wannan hanyar rubutu ta J.F. Schon kamar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mukhtar (2002) ya \u0199ara da cewa, bayan wannan hanyar kuma \u201cwata hanyar rubutu cikin boko da aka fito da ita, ita ce wadda Robinson (1896) ya fito da ita, kodayake Robinson shi ma Latinanci ya yi amfani da shi, sai dai shi ya \u0257auki tsarin Ajami ne wajen sarrafa ba\u0199a\u0199en da babu su a wasu harsuna. Misali \/\u0253\/ da \/\u0199\/ da \/\u0257\/ da sauransu, a hanyar rubutu ta Robinson wa\u0257annan haruffan \u0257igo ake musu a \u0199asa irin na Ajami maimakon Ian\u0199wasa. Wato sai a rubuta su kamar baka:- b k d ba tare da tan\u0199wasa ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A lokaci na farko da hukuma ta tsoma baki a kan rubutun zube shi ne lokacin mulkin mallaka a nan Nijeriya inda Hanns Vischer wanda ake \u0199ira \u018aan Hausa ya tsara \u0199a\u2019idojin yadda za a yi amfani da Hausar boko a (1910) sai dai shi ma ya yi amfani ne da hanyar Robinson inda yake sa \u0257igo a \u0199ar\u0199ashin harafi mai alhamza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Wata hanyar rubutun zube kuma ita ce wadda Bargery (I934) ya yi amfani da ita; shi kuma wa\u0199afi ya dinga sa wa hamzatattun haruffa a maimakon \u0257igo. Kamar baka:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2018b k\u2019 \u2018d <\/p>\n\n\n\n Hukumar Fassara ta Jihar Arewa ita ce ta fara ba da shawara a (1938) cewa ya kamata duk hamzatattun ba\u0199a\u0199e a dinga lan\u0199wasa su maimakon \u0257igo ko wa\u0199afi. (Yahaya, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n To, tun lokacin da \u018aan Hausa ya yi wannan \u0199o\u0199ari ba a sake samun wani yun\u0199uri ba domin kyautata rubutun na Hausa sai a shekara ta 1955, lokacin da aka kafa \u2018Hausa Language Board\u201d, wato Hukumar Harshen Hausa, Sarkin Daura Muhammad Bashar ya nuna wa wannan hukumar gatanci. Ita wannan hukuma ta yi gyare-gyare a littafi mai suna Rules of Hausa spelling,<\/em><\/strong> sannan, a ciki ta ba da shawarar cewa lamirin lokaci da kuma lamirin mutum kowanensu yana cin gashin kansa ne wato yana zaman kalma guda ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ba burin wannan makala ba ne ta ci gaba da kawo bayanai a kan yadda ake rubutun Hausa ba, amma kuma zai yi kyau a san yadda aka fara rubutun, don shi ne jigon samuwar \u0199agaggun littattafai na Hausa. Don haka a karanta wannan makala<\/a> inda muka kawo muku bayanin irin gudumawar da Turawan farko suka bayar wajen rubutun littattafan Hausa, musamman rubutun da suka shafi ka\u2019idijin Hausa wanda bayan su ne aka soma samun kagaggun rubutu na zube.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0198agaggun labarai na \u0257aya daga cikin rukunin adabin Hausawa na zamani, da masana adabin Hausa suka bayyana shi da \u201czube\u201d, wanda shi ne na farko a cikin rukunin, kafin wa\u0199a da wasan kwaikwayo su zo (Yahaya da wasu, 1992). Shi \u0199agaggen labari cike yake da zantukan hira da nisha\u0257i, wanda ba da gaske ya ta\u0253a… <\/p>\nTarihin samuwar rubutun zube na Hausa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n
Rubutun Ajami<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Samuwar rubutun boko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n