Daga Taskar Ƙalubalen Hikaya: Afrilu 2025
Amsa daga Maryam Muhammad Sani
Gabatarwa
A duniyar adabi, taken littafi shi ne ƙofofin da mai karatu ke bi domin hango abin da ke ciki. Taken yakan kasance ko dai sunan babban jarumi, ko jigon labarin, ko kuma wani abu na alama (symbolism). Sai dai, idan aka kalli fitaccen wasan kwaikwayon nan na Mohammed Sada, wato “Uwar Gulma”, akwai tattaunawa mai zafi game da dacewar wannan taken da ainihin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin labarin.
Ra’ayi: Shin An Samu Akasi a Wajen Zaɓin Suna?
Kamar yadda Maryam Muhammad Sani ta bayyana a cikin gudunmawarta ga gasar Hikaya ta wannan watan, akwai ƙwaƙƙwarar hujja da ke nuna cewa taken “Uwar Gulma” bai yi daidai da mizanin taurarin da suka fi taka rawa a cikin labarin ba. Dalilai dangane da wannan bayani sun haɗa da:
1. Matsayin Taurari (Protagonists)
A cikin kowane labari, galibi ana sa suna ne da babban jarumi (kamar yadda aka yi wa Iliya Ɗanmaiƙarfi ko Nana Aisha). A cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayo, manyan taurarin da labarin ya ginu a kansu su ne:
- Hayatu: Magidanci mai halin shaye-shaye da rashin kulawa.
- Halima: Matar da ke fuskantar ƙuncin zaman aure.
Mafi yawan tattaunawa da rikice-rikice (conflicts) na cikin labarin sun gudana ne tsakanin waɗannan mutane biyu. Ita kuwa Dillaliya (Uwar Gulma), tana matsayin mai taimakawa ne kawai (supporting character). Saboda haka, yin amfani da sunanta a matsayin taken littafin na iya yaudarar mai karatu ya yi tsammanin labarin ya shafi rayuwarta ne kacokan.
2. Jigo da Turakun Labari
Idan aka raba labarin gida-gida, za a ga cewa ya fi karkata ne ga tsarin zamantakewar aure da kuma lalacewar tarbiyya a cikin birni. Turakun da suka riƙe labarin sun haɗa da:
- Shaye-shaye: Irin rayuwar da Hayatu yake yi.
- Rayuwar Bariki: Inda su Hayatu da abokansa suka tsinci kansu a ciki.
- Rashin Haƙuri: Yadda rashin fahimta tsakanin miji da mata ke kaiwa ga rugujewar ahali.
Duba da waɗannan matsaloli na al’umma, taken da ya shafi “Zamantakewa” ko “Kukan Zuci” zai fi dacewa fiye da taken da ya rataya a wuyar “Gulma”.
3. Matsayin Uwar Gulma: Shin ita ce Sanadin?
Wasu na iya kare marubucin (Mohammed Sada) ta hanyar cewa Uwar Gulma ita ce silar rugujewar auren, domin ita ce “Dillaliyar” da ta kai Halima zuwa ga rayuwar banza. Amma a fannin adabi, galibi ana ɗaukar “Uwar Gulma” a matsayin Catalyst (mai hanzarta faruwar abu), amma ba ita ce asalin matsalar ba. Asalin matsalar tana cikin gidan (Hayatu).
Idan babu rashin mutuncin Hayatu, gulmar Dillaliya ba za ta yi tasiri ba. Saboda haka, ɗora taken littafin a kanta ya rage darajar sauran matsalolin da littafin ya tattauna.
Nazarin Adabi: Me Ya Sa Aka Zaɓi Sunan?
Duk da raunin da ke tattare da taken, wasu masana na ganin marubucin ya yi amfani da sunan ne domin ya nuna yadda shishigi da sa-baki na mutanen waje ke iya rura wutar da ke cikin gida. “Uwar Gulma” tana wakiltar gurbatacciyar al’umma da ke jira ne idon miji da mata ya bushe domin su karkatar da su zuwa wurin da ba shi ne ba.
Kammalawa
Tabbas, idan aka auna yawan fitowar taurari da kuma zurfin bayanan da littafin ya ƙunsa, taken “Uwar Gulma” bai cika da da ainihin sifar labarin ba. Labari ne da ya dace a kira shi da wani suna da zai nuna halin da Hayatu da Halima suke ciki, maimakon ba wa wata mai wucewa taken. Wannan na nuna mana muhimmancin zurfafa tunani kafin laƙaba wa aikin adabi suna, domin shi ne fuskarsa ta farko.
Hikaya ta ɗora wannan tambaya ce a ranar 6 ga watan Afrilun 2025
